Metal stamping is a cold-forming industrial process wherein a metal sheet is shaped and formed into the desired shape and size using highly-specialized equipment such as stamping presses and tool and die sets.
The tool and die set consists of two parts:
- The Punch: This is a metal rod with the desired shape of the metal part.
- The Die: This is a metal block with a cavity that matches the shape of the punch. During this process, the stamping press is activated and the metal sheet is placed between the punch and the die. Pressure is then applied to the punch and, as a result, it forces the metal sheet into the die to form the desired shape.
Metal stamping machines are versatile machines that can do more than conduct simple metal stamping services. These machines can cut, stamp, punch, and shape the raw material. To ensure an effective workflow, these machines can be programmed or computer numerically controlled (CNC) to give you precise metal components each time. Computer-aided design (CAD) programs and electrical discharge machining (EDM) help ensure accuracy.
Metal Stamping Techniques
Metal stamping is a low-cost high-speed manufacturing process. Which means it can produce metal components at a high volume. This makes stamping operations ideal for short and long production runs. These runs can also include other metal forming processes such as:
- Punching: This uses a die to cut the metal sheet into a specific form. This effectively leaves a hole in the material while excess material is removed.
- Embossing: This can use either a raw blank against a die or passing the metal sheet over a roller die to create raised or recessed designs.
- Blanking: This uses a die to cut into a flat sheet of metal, leaving the desired shape of the component.
- Coining: This compresses a metal sheet between a die and or a punch or press. A punch tip repeatedly penetrates the metal to create the desired design.
- Bending: This involves the folding of a metal sheet to form the metal into the finished part. This is usually for V, L, or U-shaped components.
- Flanging: This uses a flare or flange on the metal workpiece through the use of a die or press. It may sometimes involve specialized flanging machines.
The 4 Types of Metal Stamping Processes
Progressive Die Stamping
This metal stamping process uses a sequence of stamping stations where a metal coil is fed into a stamping press. This press contains stamping dies. The die moves with the press and as it goes down, the die closes the metal to form the part.
When the press releases the metal, it moves horizontally to the next station. This process is ideal for long, highly repeatable production runs because the die can last a long time without being damaged.
Transfer Die Stamping
This process is very similar to progressive die stamping. However, in this process, the metal part is separated earlier and moved physically to another press, usually by a conveyor belt. This metal stamping process is ideal for larger components.
Four-slide Stamping
This process may be called four-way stamping or multi-side stamping. It is best for creating complex parts that may have several twists and bends. It usually has four sliding tools to shape the metal workpiece instead of one vertical slide.
Two slides would strike the workpiece horizontally to give the desired shape. In some cases, it may have more than four moving sides. This type of metal stamping is versatile because it can accommodate different tool attachments to each slide. Overall, this makes it a perfect option if you want a low-cost production method that is incredibly fast.
Fine Blanking
Fine-blanking may also be known as fine-edge blanking and it is known for its high accuracy and for producing smooth edges. This type of metal stamping is generally done with a mechanical, hydraulic press, or combination. The workpiece is clamped down and held in place, then a blanking operation cuts the desired shape. Finally, the desired part is ejected.
This metal stamping process operates at a higher pressure than conventional metal stamping procedures. The edges of the component avoid fractures due to these conditions. Since it is a cold extrusion process, it is a one-step process that reduces the cost of fabrication.
Excellence in Metal Stamping
Metal stamping is an efficient and cost-effective way to produce large batches of parts with consistent quality and accuracy. Its usage ranges from the fabrication of simple brackets and clips to more complex auto parts and electronic components. Every project with us benefits from the exceptional knowledge and commitment of our metal stamping experts and craftsmen
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